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To N. N. Ge’s (Gay’s) Painting

Description:   In “To N. N. Ge’s Painting (Christ’s Last Discourse with His Disciples),” Tolstoy reflects on the spiritual depth of Ge’s work, emphasizing Christ’s teaching of love, humility, and unity. He interprets the scene as a call to inner moral transformation and sincere faith, contrasting true Christianity with formal, external religiosity.   

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Date:   1886  
Reference:   The complete works of Count Tolstoy. Vol. 23   
Extent:   3 p.  
Tags:   Non-fiction, Religion, Art  
 
 

Introduction to the Collected Articles, What Is the Truth in Art?

Description:   In Introduction to the Collected Articles, What Is the Truth in Art, Tolstoy outlines his belief that the purpose of art is to communicate sincere emotion that fosters moral and spiritual unity among people. Rejecting the formalism and elitism of much contemporary art, he argues that truth in art lies not in beauty for its own sake, but in ethical content and universal accessibility.   

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Date:   1887  
Reference:   The complete works of Count Tolstoy. Vol. 17  
Extent:   2 p.  
Tags:   Non-fictionArt  
 
 

On the Significance of Science and Art

Description:   In On the Significance of Science and Art, Tolstoy examines the true purpose of intellectual and artistic activity. He criticizes both science and art when they are detached from moral meaning and serve only curiosity, pleasure, or elite interests.   

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Date:   1887  
Reference:   What To Do?   
Extent:   44 p.  
Tags:   Non-fiction, Art  
 
 

Introductions to Books

Description:   Includes: A. Stockham’s Tokology; Amiel’s Diary; S. T. Seménov’s Peasant Stories; Works of Guy de Maupassant;   

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Date:   1890-94  
Reference:   The complete works of Count Tolstoy. Vol. 20  
Extent:   22 p.  
Tags:   Non-fictionArt  
 
 

What Is Art?

Description:   What Is Art? is Tolstoy’s influential treatise on aesthetics, in which he rejects the elitism and artificiality of modern art. He argues that true art is sincere, morally uplifting, and accessible to all people, not just the privileged. For Tolstoy, the value of art lies in its ability to communicate genuine human emotion and promote love, unity, and moral progress. He condemns works that serve vanity or sensual pleasure, calling instead for art that inspires goodness and compassion.   

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Date:   1897  
Reference:   The complete works of Count Tolstoy. Vol. 22  
Extent:   135 p.  
Tags:   Non-fictionArtPhilosophySociety & State  
 
 

Introduction to W. von Polenz’s “Der Büttnerbauer”

Description:      

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Date:   1902  
Reference:   The complete works of Count Tolstoy. Vol. 23   
Extent:   6 p.  
Tags:   Non-fiction, Art  
 
 

Tolstoy on Shakespeare. A Critical Essay on Shakespeare

Description:   In Tolstoy on Shakespeare, Tolstoy delivers a sharp critique of William Shakespeare’s works, rejecting their reputation as masterpieces. He argues that Shakespeare’s plays are artificial, exaggerated, and lacking moral purpose, and that their fame is sustained by uncritical admiration.   

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Date:   1906  
Reference:   Tolstoy on Shakespeare. A Critical Essay on Shakespeare   
Extent:   61 p.  
Tags:   Non-fiction, Art